原文链接: https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/intersection-of-two-linked-lists
英文原文
Given the heads of two singly linked-lists headA
and headB
, return the node at which the two lists intersect. If the two linked lists have no intersection at all, return null
.
For example, the following two linked lists begin to intersect at node c1
:
The test cases are generated such that there are no cycles anywhere in the entire linked structure.
Note that the linked lists must retain their original structure after the function returns.
Custom Judge:
The inputs to the judge are given as follows (your program is not given these inputs):
intersectVal
- The value of the node where the intersection occurs. This is0
if there is no intersected node.listA
- The first linked list.listB
- The second linked list.skipA
- The number of nodes to skip ahead inlistA
(starting from the head) to get to the intersected node.skipB
- The number of nodes to skip ahead inlistB
(starting from the head) to get to the intersected node.
The judge will then create the linked structure based on these inputs and pass the two heads, headA
and headB
to your program. If you correctly return the intersected node, then your solution will be accepted.
Example 1:
Input: intersectVal = 8, listA = [4,1,8,4,5], listB = [5,6,1,8,4,5], skipA = 2, skipB = 3 Output: Intersected at '8' Explanation: The intersected node's value is 8 (note that this must not be 0 if the two lists intersect). From the head of A, it reads as [4,1,8,4,5]. From the head of B, it reads as [5,6,1,8,4,5]. There are 2 nodes before the intersected node in A; There are 3 nodes before the intersected node in B.
Example 2:
Input: intersectVal = 2, listA = [1,9,1,2,4], listB = [3,2,4], skipA = 3, skipB = 1 Output: Intersected at '2' Explanation: The intersected node's value is 2 (note that this must not be 0 if the two lists intersect). From the head of A, it reads as [1,9,1,2,4]. From the head of B, it reads as [3,2,4]. There are 3 nodes before the intersected node in A; There are 1 node before the intersected node in B.
Example 3:
Input: intersectVal = 0, listA = [2,6,4], listB = [1,5], skipA = 3, skipB = 2 Output: No intersection Explanation: From the head of A, it reads as [2,6,4]. From the head of B, it reads as [1,5]. Since the two lists do not intersect, intersectVal must be 0, while skipA and skipB can be arbitrary values. Explanation: The two lists do not intersect, so return null.
Constraints:
- The number of nodes of
listA
is in them
. - The number of nodes of
listB
is in then
. 1 <= m, n <= 3 * 104
1 <= Node.val <= 105
0 <= skipA < m
0 <= skipB < n
intersectVal
is0
iflistA
andlistB
do not intersect.intersectVal == listA[skipA] == listB[skipB]
iflistA
andlistB
intersect.
Follow up: Could you write a solution that runs in
O(m + n)
time and use only O(1)
memory?中文题目
给你两个单链表的头节点 headA
和 headB
,请你找出并返回两个单链表相交的起始节点。如果两个链表不存在相交节点,返回 null
。
图示两个链表在节点 c1
开始相交:
题目数据 保证 整个链式结构中不存在环。
注意,函数返回结果后,链表必须 保持其原始结构 。
自定义评测:
评测系统 的输入如下(你设计的程序 不适用 此输入):
intersectVal
- 相交的起始节点的值。如果不存在相交节点,这一值为0
listA
- 第一个链表listB
- 第二个链表skipA
- 在listA
中(从头节点开始)跳到交叉节点的节点数skipB
- 在listB
中(从头节点开始)跳到交叉节点的节点数
评测系统将根据这些输入创建链式数据结构,并将两个头节点 headA
和 headB
传递给你的程序。如果程序能够正确返回相交节点,那么你的解决方案将被 视作正确答案 。
示例 1:
输入:intersectVal = 8, listA = [4,1,8,4,5], listB = [5,6,1,8,4,5], skipA = 2, skipB = 3 输出:Intersected at '8' 解释:相交节点的值为 8 (注意,如果两个链表相交则不能为 0)。 从各自的表头开始算起,链表 A 为 [4,1,8,4,5],链表 B 为 [5,6,1,8,4,5]。 在 A 中,相交节点前有 2 个节点;在 B 中,相交节点前有 3 个节点。
示例 2:
输入:intersectVal = 2, listA = [1,9,1,2,4], listB = [3,2,4], skipA = 3, skipB = 1 输出:Intersected at '2' 解释:相交节点的值为 2 (注意,如果两个链表相交则不能为 0)。 从各自的表头开始算起,链表 A 为 [1,9,1,2,4],链表 B 为 [3,2,4]。 在 A 中,相交节点前有 3 个节点;在 B 中,相交节点前有 1 个节点。
示例 3:
输入:intersectVal = 0, listA = [2,6,4], listB = [1,5], skipA = 3, skipB = 2 输出:null 解释:从各自的表头开始算起,链表 A 为 [2,6,4],链表 B 为 [1,5]。 由于这两个链表不相交,所以 intersectVal 必须为 0,而 skipA 和 skipB 可以是任意值。 这两个链表不相交,因此返回 null 。
提示:
listA
中节点数目为m
listB
中节点数目为n
1 <= m, n <= 3 * 104
1 <= Node.val <= 105
0 <= skipA <= m
0 <= skipB <= n
- 如果
listA
和listB
没有交点,intersectVal
为0
- 如果
listA
和listB
有交点,intersectVal == listA[skipA] == listB[skipB]
进阶:你能否设计一个时间复杂度 O(n)
、仅用 O(1)
内存的解决方案?
通过代码
高赞题解
一图胜千言,看图你就明白了
空间复杂度 $O(1)$ 时间复杂度为 $O(n)$
这里使用图解的方式,解释比较巧妙的一种实现。
根据题目意思
如果两个链表相交,那么相交点之后的长度是相同的
我们需要做的事情是,让两个链表从同距离末尾同等距离的位置开始遍历。这个位置只能是较短链表的头结点位置。
为此,我们必须消除两个链表的长度差
- 指针 pA 指向 A 链表,指针 pB 指向 B 链表,依次往后遍历
- 如果 pA 到了末尾,则 pA = headB 继续遍历
- 如果 pB 到了末尾,则 pB = headA 继续遍历
- 比较长的链表指针指向较短链表head时,长度差就消除了
- 如此,只需要将最短链表遍历两次即可找到位置
听着可能有点绕,看图最直观,链表的题目最适合看图了
{:width=400}
{:align=center}
代码也很简单(此处代码是参考评论区的高手的)
public ListNode getIntersectionNode(ListNode headA, ListNode headB) {
if (headA == null || headB == null) return null;
ListNode pA = headA, pB = headB;
while (pA != pB) {
pA = pA == null ? headB : pA.next;
pB = pB == null ? headA : pB.next;
}
return pA;
}
统计信息
通过次数 | 提交次数 | AC比率 |
---|---|---|
364432 | 590577 | 61.7% |
提交历史
提交时间 | 提交结果 | 执行时间 | 内存消耗 | 语言 |
---|
相似题目
题目 | 难度 |
---|---|
两个列表的最小索引总和 | 简单 |