英文原文
You are playing the Bulls and Cows game with your friend.
You write down a secret number and ask your friend to guess what the number is. When your friend makes a guess, you provide a hint with the following info:
- The number of "bulls", which are digits in the guess that are in the correct position.
- The number of "cows", which are digits in the guess that are in your secret number but are located in the wrong position. Specifically, the non-bull digits in the guess that could be rearranged such that they become bulls.
Given the secret number secret
and your friend's guess guess
, return the hint for your friend's guess.
The hint should be formatted as "xAyB"
, where x
is the number of bulls and y
is the number of cows. Note that both secret
and guess
may contain duplicate digits.
Example 1:
Input: secret = "1807", guess = "7810" Output: "1A3B" Explanation: Bulls are connected with a '|' and cows are underlined: "1807" | "7810"
Example 2:
Input: secret = "1123", guess = "0111" Output: "1A1B" Explanation: Bulls are connected with a '|' and cows are underlined: "1123" "1123" | or | "0111" "0111" Note that only one of the two unmatched 1s is counted as a cow since the non-bull digits can only be rearranged to allow one 1 to be a bull.
Example 3:
Input: secret = "1", guess = "0" Output: "0A0B"
Example 4:
Input: secret = "1", guess = "1" Output: "1A0B"
Constraints:
1 <= secret.length, guess.length <= 1000
secret.length == guess.length
secret
andguess
consist of digits only.
中文题目
你在和朋友一起玩 猜数字(Bulls and Cows)游戏,该游戏规则如下:
写出一个秘密数字,并请朋友猜这个数字是多少。朋友每猜测一次,你就会给他一个包含下述信息的提示:
- 猜测数字中有多少位属于数字和确切位置都猜对了(称为 "Bulls", 公牛),
- 有多少位属于数字猜对了但是位置不对(称为 "Cows", 奶牛)。也就是说,这次猜测中有多少位非公牛数字可以通过重新排列转换成公牛数字。
给你一个秘密数字 secret
和朋友猜测的数字 guess
,请你返回对朋友这次猜测的提示。
提示的格式为 "xAyB"
,x
是公牛个数, y
是奶牛个数,A
表示公牛,B
表示奶牛。
请注意秘密数字和朋友猜测的数字都可能含有重复数字。
示例 1:
输入: secret = "1807", guess = "7810" 输出: "1A3B" 解释: 数字和位置都对(公牛)用 '|' 连接,数字猜对位置不对(奶牛)的采用斜体加粗标识。 "1807" | "7810"
示例 2:
输入: secret = "1123", guess = "0111" 输出: "1A1B" 解释: 数字和位置都对(公牛)用 '|' 连接,数字猜对位置不对(奶牛)的采用斜体加粗标识。 "1123" "1123" | or | "0111" "0111" 注意,两个不匹配的 1 中,只有一个会算作奶牛(数字猜对位置不对)。通过重新排列非公牛数字,其中仅有一个 1 可以成为公牛数字。
示例 3:
输入:secret = "1", guess = "0" 输出:"0A0B"
示例 4:
输入:secret = "1", guess = "1" 输出:"1A0B"
提示:
1 <= secret.length, guess.length <= 1000
secret.length == guess.length
secret
和guess
仅由数字组成
通过代码
高赞题解
模拟
根据题意,我们可以对 $secret$ 和 $guess$ 进行诸位比较,统计公牛数量 $a$ 和奶牛数量 $b$。
对于字符相同的位置,我们可以直接对 $a$ 进行自增;对于字符不同的位置,使用「哈希表」进行分别统计 $secret$ 和 $guess$ 的词频,某个数字 $x$ 在两者词频中的较小值,即为该数字对应的奶牛数量,统计所有数字 $[0, 9]$ 的奶牛数量总和即为 $b$。
代码:
class Solution {
public String getHint(String secret, String guess) {
int n = secret.length();
int a = 0, b = 0;
int[] cnt1 = new int[10], cnt2 = new int[10];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
int c1 = secret.charAt(i) - '0', c2= guess.charAt(i) - '0';
if (c1 == c2) {
a++;
} else {
cnt1[c1]++;
cnt2[c2]++;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) b += Math.min(cnt1[i], cnt2[i]);
return a + "A" + b + "B";
}
}
- 时间复杂度:$O(n)$
- 空间复杂度:令 $C$ 为字符集大小,$C$ 固定为 $10$。复杂度为 $O(C)$
其他「模拟」相关内容
题太简单?不如来学习热乎的 $Trie$ 四部曲的最终章 「可删除/可计数/持久化」Trie ,相关阅读:
或是考虑加练如下「模拟」题目 🍭🍭
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