原文链接: https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/groups-of-special-equivalent-strings
英文原文
You are given an array of strings of the same length words
.
In one move, you can swap any two even indexed characters or any two odd indexed characters of a string words[i]
.
Two strings words[i]
and words[j]
are special-equivalent if after any number of moves, words[i] == words[j]
.
- For example,
words[i] = "zzxy"
andwords[j] = "xyzz"
are special-equivalent because we may make the moves"zzxy" -> "xzzy" -> "xyzz"
.
A group of special-equivalent strings from words
is a non-empty subset of words such that:
- Every pair of strings in the group are special equivalent, and
- The group is the largest size possible (i.e., there is not a string
words[i]
not in the group such thatwords[i]
is special-equivalent to every string in the group).
Return the number of groups of special-equivalent strings from words
.
Example 1:
Input: words = ["abcd","cdab","cbad","xyzz","zzxy","zzyx"] Output: 3 Explanation: One group is ["abcd", "cdab", "cbad"], since they are all pairwise special equivalent, and none of the other strings is all pairwise special equivalent to these. The other two groups are ["xyzz", "zzxy"] and ["zzyx"]. Note that in particular, "zzxy" is not special equivalent to "zzyx".
Example 2:
Input: words = ["abc","acb","bac","bca","cab","cba"] Output: 3
Constraints:
1 <= words.length <= 1000
1 <= words[i].length <= 20
words[i]
consist of lowercase English letters.- All the strings are of the same length.
中文题目
给你一个字符串数组 words
。
一步操作中,你可以交换字符串 words[i]
的任意两个偶数下标对应的字符或任意两个奇数下标对应的字符。
对两个字符串 words[i]
和 words[j]
而言,如果经过任意次数的操作,words[i] == words[j]
,那么这两个字符串是 特殊等价 的。
- 例如,
words[i] = "zzxy"
和words[j] = "xyzz"
是一对 特殊等价 字符串,因为可以按"zzxy" -> "xzzy" -> "xyzz"
的操作路径使words[i] == words[j]
。
现在规定,words
的 一组特殊等价字符串 就是 words
的一个同时满足下述条件的非空子集:
- 该组中的每一对字符串都是 特殊等价 的
- 该组字符串已经涵盖了该类别中的所有特殊等价字符串,容量达到理论上的最大值(也就是说,如果一个字符串不在该组中,那么这个字符串就 不会 与该组内任何字符串特殊等价)
返回 words
中 特殊等价字符串组 的数量。
示例 1:
输入:words = ["abcd","cdab","cbad","xyzz","zzxy","zzyx"] 输出:3 解释: 其中一组为 ["abcd", "cdab", "cbad"],因为它们是成对的特殊等价字符串,且没有其他字符串与这些字符串特殊等价。 另外两组分别是 ["xyzz", "zzxy"] 和 ["zzyx"]。特别需要注意的是,"zzxy" 不与 "zzyx" 特殊等价。
示例 2:
输入:words = ["abc","acb","bac","bca","cab","cba"] 输出:3 解释:3 组 ["abc","cba"],["acb","bca"],["bac","cab"]
提示:
1 <= words.length <= 1000
1 <= words[i].length <= 20
- 所有
words[i]
都只由小写字母组成。 - 所有
words[i]
都具有相同的长度。
通过代码
官方题解
方法:计数
思路和算法
让我们试着表述一个特殊等价的字符串 $S$,通过找到函数 $\mathcal{C}$ 使得 $S \equiv T \iff \mathcal{C}(S) = \mathcal{C}(T)$。
通过交换,我们可以排列偶数索引字母和奇数索引字母。这些排列的特征在于字母的数量:所有这样的排列都有相同的数量,不同的数量会产生不同的排列。
因此,函数 $\mathcal{C}(S) =$(S 中偶数索引字母的数量,其后是 S 中奇数索引字母的数量)成功地刻画了这一等价关系。
然后,我们统计出满足 $S \in A$ 的 $\mathcal{C}(S)$ 的数量。
class Solution {
public int numSpecialEquivGroups(String[] A) {
Set<String> seen = new HashSet();
for (String S: A) {
int[] count = new int[52];
for (int i = 0; i < S.length(); ++i)
count[S.charAt(i) - 'a' + 26 * (i % 2)]++;
seen.add(Arrays.toString(count));
}
return seen.size();
}
}
class Solution(object):
def numSpecialEquivGroups(self, A):
def count(A):
ans = [0] * 52
for i, letter in enumerate(A):
ans[ord(letter) - ord('a') + 26 * (i%2)] += 1
return tuple(ans)
return len({count(word) for word in A})
复杂度分析
时间复杂度:$O(\sum\limits_{i} (A_i)\text{.length})$。
空间复杂度:$O(N)$,其中 $N$ 是
A
的长度。
统计信息
通过次数 | 提交次数 | AC比率 |
---|---|---|
10974 | 15139 | 72.5% |
提交历史
提交时间 | 提交结果 | 执行时间 | 内存消耗 | 语言 |
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